Data Structure ?
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Data Structure ?
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README.md
序論
フレイザー研究所[2]が発行する『世界の経済自由』[1]に掲載されている指数は、各国の政策と制度が経済自由を支持している程度を測定しています。経済自由の根幹は、個人の選択、任意の交換、市場への参入と競争の自由、そして個人と私有財産の安全保障です。42のデータポイントを用いて総合指数を構築し、5つの広い分野における経済自由の程度を測定しています。
分野
- **分野1：政府の規模** - 政府支出、課税、および政府が支配する企業の規模が拡大するにつれて、政府による意思決定が個人の選択に取って代わり、経済自由が縮小します。
- **分野2：法制度と財産権** - 個人とその正当に取得した財産の保護は、経済自由と市民社会の核心要素です。実際、これは政府の最も重要な機能です。
- **分野3：健全な通貨** - インフレは正当に稼いだ賃金と貯蓄の価値を侵食します。したがって、健全な通貨は財産権を保護するために不可欠です。インフレが高いだけでなく不安定な場合、個人が将来を計画することが困難になり、経済自由を効果的に利用することができなくなります。
- **分野4：国際貿易の自由** - 最も広い意味での交換の自由、つまり、購入、販売、契約締結などは、経済自由に不可欠です。交換の自由が他の国の企業や個人を含まない場合、経済自由は縮小します。
- **分野5：規制** - 政府は、国際的な交換の権利を制限するために多くの手段を使うだけでなく、交換の権利、信用の取得、希望する相手との雇用または就業、あるいは自由な事業運営を制限する煩雑な規制を策定することもあります。
[1]: https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/economic-freedom
[2]: https://www.fraserinstitute.org/
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